So I not referring to ex post adaptation, but to what happens between the time when the policy was announced and/ the time it entered into force. How quickly did such announcements affect fleet turnover, prices on the second hand markets, new sales etc. Also, what do we know about the "reach" of local measures? Do they affect the composition of car fleets beyond the city borders?

I am aware of the work on this by Morton, Lovelace

and Anable (Exploring the effect of local transport policies on the adoption of low emission vehicles), showing that hat nearness to the London Congetsion Charge is positively associated with HEV registrations.

Also, in "The Economics of Low Emission Zones", Börjesson, Bastian and Eliasson have shown that the low emission zone in Stockholm has affected second hand car prices throughout Sweden, indicating a very wide impact of the LEZ. /

In "Low emission zones: Effects on alternative-fuel vehicle uptake and fleet CO2 emissions", Peters, Burguillo & Arranz have looked at the vehicle fleet impact of the LEZ in Madrid, but limited the analysis to the province. So effects vary from context to context.

Any other suggestions?