Water becomes contaminated during its journey from water plants to home, industry, office etc. It is a problem of tropical countries. How can we reduce this type of contamination?
If I understand well you are talking about secondary contamination of potable water after its treatment during transport via distribution system to consumers. The answer is very easy:
i) you have to detrmine the sources of contamination and points, where potable water in the distribution system is contaminated
ii) you have to improve distribution system and technically eliminate the possibility for potable water contamination
Good evening. You are right Sir. It is about secondary contamination of potable water. In case of underground supply systems it is really hard to detect point or source of contamination.
Dr. Sudip Saha: you are right that it is not easy to detect such places in underground supply. In such case the underground water supply must be completely repaired.
I agree with Vit Mateju that improving the urban water distribution and transmission system can help in reducing secondary contamination. However, experience has shown that even with very good water distribution and transmission systems, the unexpected can still happen through various sources including humans. This usually lead to contamination before the arrival of the maintenance team. To avoid serious contamination during such times, the chlorine contents of the transported (or piped) water is usually increased slightly above their usual concentration.
I don't understand why contamination of water is a problem in the tropics. You have to clarify that part of your research. Sabotage through invasion of the distribution system to cause harm or use of sub-standard materials in the distribution system to rip-off government are significant sources of contamination. What to do. Secure channels and award contracts to companies with track record for integrity.
To secure your water quality, depending on your intended use: you should improve on the bacteriological standard, avoid or reduce contamination by human activities (eg discharge of effluents into water bodies, etc). Proper storage and reticulation network (distribution) is advised. Most importantly, always boil and filter any drinking water you are not sure of the source.
Sudip... At the drinking water production facility and after disinfection, a slight concentration of chlorine is added. This will help to overcome any possible contamination of this water over its trip from the producer to the customer. Our teams get tap water samples from the houses and measure the residual chlorine as a first evidence that water is not contaminated. Thus, this is the easiest and most applicable treatment to guarantee the removal of contamination... Regards
Andem Bassey Andem Muhammad Abdullah Avais , I agree with their statement for the identification of the source of the pollutant.
Identification of the source is very much important as control of the pollution at the source can minimize the effort and solve the problem in the long term rather then continuously treatment the water again and again. There will be no point in treating the water if we are not going to stop the reason causing the pollution in the first place.
The source of water contamination must be identified first because each source of water contamination needs a particular approach for contamination mitigation/management.
Sufficient time is provided in the chlorine contact for the chlorine to kill the harmful bacteria and viruses left in the trated water . Other methods of disinfecting water are available, such as adding ozone or passing the treated water through ultraviolet light .