what business models are most popular among start-ups in general? There is very little research, if you can recommend some papers, that would be great!
There're plenty of business models that are used in modern startups. It depends on multiple factors: the type of product/service the company provides, value chain, market factors, etc. It's rarely limited to the only one-way approach. The most popular startup business models nowadays are the Subscription-based model and the On-demand model (Uber for X).
The subscription-based model may be the one to consider if you're looking to engage and retain users for a long time. It's based on the permanent need for the software/service value and requires regular payments to access it. Health tech examples of subscription-based startups are Iora Health (b2c), Babylon (b2c), Cliniko (b2b).
The on-demand model means that end-user can get specific services when they need them. The model is easily described with the "Uber for X" phrase. The company may connect end customers with service providers or provide its own product/service for customers when they need them. Nomad Health connects doctors with healthcare facilities, while ZocDoc and Doctors on Demand provide the ability to find a doctor or get a health consultation. It may sometimes act as a marketplace where multiple service providers are connected with multiple customers.
The model can vary. It can be the direct sale (wearable health devices), ads-based model (health social networks, health information apps and websites). It doesn't mean that other models can't be used along with the main one. For example, wearable health device manufacturers may also use, analyze and sell collected big-data from their users.
The business model may be complex and include different components:
I hope the following papers will be useful for your research. You can check Article Business model classification and its role in management
and related papers as a starting point.Subscription-based model:
Article Evaluation of Subscription-based Culture Change Models in Ca...
Conference Paper Designing a Business Model for a Cloud Marketplace for Healthcare
Article SaaS—platform for mobile health application
On-demand and marketplace model:
Article On-demand telemedicine as a disruptive health technology: Ex...
Article Opportunities for Flexible, On-Demand Care Delivery Through ...
Article Will health marketplace apps improve laboratories?
Article Startup Creates Marketplace For Diabetes Prevention Programs
Paul: The link below is a very good article that provides 6 different Business Models for start-up companies:
https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/233451
Dear Nikita Polukhin
An informative compacted answer! Thanks a lot!
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