Himanshu Tiwari

The incorporation of biochar and cover crops into agricultural systems can have significant effects on soil structure and compaction, but these effects can be either synergistic or antagonistic depending on specific conditions and practices. Biochar can improve soil structure by increasing porosity, reducing bulk density, and enhancing water retention capacity, which helps reduce soil compaction. Cover crops, on the other hand, can help preserve soil structure by increasing organic matter, improving particle aggregation, and reducing erosion through their root systems. When combined, these factors can increase water infiltration rates, reduce erosion, and improve overall soil resistance to degradation. However, in some cases, if not properly managed, antagonistic effects may occur, such as the excessive accumulation of organic matter, which can lead to reduced root penetration or cause other drainage and air circulation issues in the soil. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor these practices to achieve a balance that benefits both factors, especially in conventional and conservation agricultural systems.