I am looking for research articles that explain the behavior of fine particles under shear rates? Any contribution in this regard will be highly appreciated.
This is a big question and the nature of dispersion behavior is dependent a little on the materials that are dispersed. The vast majority of particle dispersions start with some loose agglomeration and become better dispersed as the shear rate increases, which is typified by a shear thinning (pseudoplastic) viscosity flow curve.
There are some exceptions to this, such as concentrated suspensions that are approaching their maximum packing fraction that may exhibit particle particle jamming and hence shear thickening when pushed too quickly.
Some materials such as carboxylated SB latexes are electrostatically stabilized by the repulsive forces on each particle (characterized through their zeta potential) and normally act as low viscosity Newtonian or shear thinning liquids. However above a critically high shear rate will undergo shear induced aggregation, when the hydrodynamic forces overcome the electrostatic repulsive forces in the system. This was characterized by Husband et al here for instance: Article Shear-Induced Aggregation of Carboxylated Polymer Latices
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This process causes irreversible agglomeration, and similar but temporary shear thickening has also been observed in some concentrated protein solutions when injected due to dipole dipole interactions.
I know this answer is a little diverse, but hope that it helps to understand.
Thank you for your contribution. From what I understand by your answer and also from some literature studies, the dispersion of particles behaves differently by increasing shear rate, can be from zero shear viscosity to shear thinking and shear thinning, hence a particular range of shear rate can then be considered as the threshold for defining such changing behavior. If yes, then how could it help in a wide spectrum of rheological studies more specifically to shear-thinning?