What are the nutrients required for the growth of mushrooms (oyster, shiitake) in terms of sugars, lignin, and other minerals? Does mushrooms break lignocellulosic biomass into its constituents before consuming them? And What is the effect of lignin on the growth of mushrooms.
Hi : its depend to which spp of mushroom, oyster mushroom can grow on cellulose substrate only, but Agaricus spp for example required decomposed substrate.
I think, like other moulds, it can be grown using Potato dextrose agar media (PDA) which contains: 500 g thinly sliced, peeled white potatoes + 20 g glucose + 15 g agar + 1000 ml distilled water). Another media which can be used is : Modified Leonian's Agar which contains:
Maltose 6.25 g
Malt extract 6.25 g
KH2PO4 1.25 g
Yeast extract 1.0 g
MgSO4.7H2O 0.625 g
Peptone 0.625 g
Agar 20 g
Distilled water 1000 ml
Mushrooms need all nutrients content carbon nutrient (sugar, starch, .. ); Nitrogen (organic nutrients: amine acid, protein, ... inorganic N: amonium sulfate, amonium nitrate); all minerals (P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn....) and vitamines.
The oyster fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus, grows on the dead wood of many hardwood species and derives all of the necessary nutrients from the wood including the wood itself that it can digest with cellulase and lignase enzymes. Thus, it is classified as a white-rot fungus that is capable of degrading both cellulose and lignin components in the wood.
The oyster fungus also is one of the few known carnivorous mushrooms. Its mycelium can kill and digest nematodes, which is believed to be another way in which the fungus obtains nitrogen.
The shiitake fungus, Lentinula edodes, is an edible mushroom native to East Asia that grow in groups on the wood of deciduous trees, particularly shii, chestnut, oak, maple, beech, sweetgum, poplar, hornbeam, ironwood, mulberry, and chinquapin (Castanopsis spp.). Lentinus edodes is also a white-rot fungus capable of degrading both lignin and cellulose.
deberías aclarar si tu interés es hacerlos crecer en un medio sintético en laboratorio o tu interés es realizar un cultivo sobre sustrato en bolsas para hacerlos crecer y fructificar para su comercialización ?