Dear Jitendra,

there are multiple ways to use SPR for solar cells.

In short: The best design route will depend strongly on the base solar cell you consider (organic, inorganic, what is the main mechanism to obtain charge carriers). Then you need to decide which effect of the SPR would give the best results: local field enhancement (metal surface needs to be VERY close to the charge separation region) or scattering effects (metal particles can be in an additional layer on the front/rear side).

In general, you can think of three different ways to add a plasmonic layer to the cell: You add particles (randomly with self-assembly or regularly with e.g. EBL) on the (a) front side, (b) rear side or (c) as an additional layer somewhere inside the solar cell.

They all have advantages and disadgantages: The SPR is a property of metals and in (a) they do absorb a lot of the light that is lost in thermal energy at resonance (ohmic heating of smallest nanoparticles, near-UV, short wavelength).

Also if you cover the solar cell with too much metal you block the light from the cell (shading effect).

That's why in (b) they are mostly used to scatter light back into the cell (if you have a thin cell, some portion of the light goes through without being absorbed).

Additionally, in (c) resonant modes of a regular layer (as opposed to single particle resonance) can yield additional light trapping.

Now, if you have active layers, such as up-/downconverting (fluorescent or photoluminescent) quantum dots, you want to make use of local field enhancement and bring the metal nanoparticles as close to those active particles as possible. Then, typically, the metal nanoparticles are (also (c)) dispersed inside this active layer.

I have a project on ResearchGate about plasmon-assisted enhancement in solar cells. Have a look, if you like!

In any case, a good go-to read is the article by A. Polman and H. Atwater.

See links below.

Regards.

https://www.researchgate.net/project/Plasmon-assisted-efficiency-enhancement-Photovoltaics

Article Polman, A. & Atwater, H. A. Photonic design principles for u...

Dear Jitendra,

I would like to note that SPR and localized SPR (LSPR) sound quite similar, but are in fact very different things. This often leads to confusions, especially since the majority of people is only familiar with LSPR. Unless you really mean that you would like to use SPR in Kretschmann configuration in a solar cell (hardly but still imaginable), I would expect that you really mean LSPR by applying some sort of nanoparticles or nanostructures. Correspondingly, the description of SPR, that you put in the question, makes no use and leads you in a wrong direction.

Thank you so much