The main challenges in membrane based gas separation process remains with the membrane material properties rather then the process. Among which selectivity and permeability trade-off , physical aging and plasticization are the main challenges. Currently, most researchers are focused on enhancing the membrane material properties so that the trade off, the physical aging as well as the plasticization problems (which deteriorates the performance of the membranes) are solved.
Membrane gas separation is limited by the Darcy, Knudsen law, molar mass of gases, membrane pores. The mixture of gases is divided into ultra-high speed centrifuges with membranes. The mixture of gases is separated due to the different molar mass of the gases.