What do you refer when you say spatial optimization? What kind of optimization? Economic? environmental? social? construction? so many ideas come to my mind, please try to give more details to help you in a better way. Maybe you try to say optimization in public space, or optn. of commercial areas.

It depend on your optimize aspect (economic, social or environment).

Some papers for you:

http://econpapers.repec.org/article/gamjsusta/v_3a7_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3a1_3ap_3a35-55_3ad_3a43863.htm

http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/6/12/9139

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5567520&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5567520

http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-23881-9_85

economic (to minimize urban development cost for new areas)

Economic location criteria are then all about transportation and access costs. I cannot at the moment, think of any single article that would cover all these, but search for location theory and transportation cost models. Transportation here would include persons, goods, power, water, garbage, and sewage.