To completely remove nitrogen from wastewater, aerobic ammonium oxidizers carry out partial-nitrification of ammonium to nitrite. The residual ammonium is converted to molecular nitrogen by obligate anearobic ammonium oxidizers (anammox). How can one establish both organisms in the same biofilm reactor?
in a biofilm reactor, the inner biofilm is suit for anaerobic microoganisms growth, while the outer biofilm is suit for aerobic microbes growth. we can desigen the proper membrane structure for controlling different DO levels for culturing anaerobic and aerobic organisms. you can refer to SND process.
Great patience. The Rotterdam reactor took about 1,300 days to develop its anammox film. With a doubling time of 7 to 22 days, they make nitrifying bacteria look fast.
Yes, great patience!
But nowadays, with the abundance of inocula and the obtained knowledge the start up of these autotrophic nitrogen removal processes have been reduced notably:
Full-scale partial nitritation/anammox experiences – An application survey. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260759243_Full-scale_partial_nitritationanammox_experiences__An_application_survey?ev=auth_pub
The dissolved oxygen concentration in the bulk liquid is a key factor in order to control the performance of the system. The ammonia oxidation by the AOB has to be the limiting step, in order to avoid the over oxidation of ammonia to nitrite (which can cause an inhibition over anammox).
The control strategy uses the parameters: DO, ammonia concentration, HRT, as explained in:
Microbial community distribution and activity dynamics of granular biomass in a CANON reactor. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45277849_Microbial_community_distribution_and_activity_dynamics_of_granular_biomass_in_a_CANON_reactor?ev=srch_pub
In an industrial reactor the “conductivity versus time slope” method can be used for controlling the system as explained in:
Implications of full-scale implementation of an anammox-based process as post-treatment of a municipal anaerobic sludge digester operated with co-digestion:
http://www.iwaponline.com/wst/up/wst2013795.htm
Article Full-scale partial nitritation/anammox experiences – An appl...
Article Microbial community distribution and activity dynamics of gr...
Agree with Dr. Nicolas Morales.
The most critical parameters are definitely DO, Nitrite concentration (or Free Nitrous acid) and Free ammonia concentration.Temperature also greatly influences the establishment of partial-nitirification-anammox process.
There are many papers in literature discussing about the appropriate levels of these parameters during start-up.
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