Some that I have read about are that streptomycin and kanamyin don't work as marker genes for selection because they do not inhibit callus growth in the dark?
"Thus, although biolistic nuclear
transformation is routine in many cereals, transformation of the plastid genome is likely to require
novel selectable markers and/or the development of entirely new tissue culture and regeneration
protocols."
From attached paper
Apart from the marker problem, there are other problems for plastid transformation. Please see the attached paper entitled :
"Unsolved problems in plastid transformation"
To add, inheritance is also an issue post-genetic engineering. "Most plants inherit the plastids from only one parent. In general, angiosperms inherit plastids from the female gamete, whereas many gymnosperms inherit plastids from the male pollen", among other problems discussed above !
Hi,
You need to consider gene density and the amount of non-coding DNA, the number of obligate protein encoding genes (photosynthesis), and there may be bottlenecks with splicing of the transformed gene although some plants and fungi have introns in mitochondrial genomes.........Post translation modifications are a problem too since they are very limited in endosymbionts.......
Stability of the chloroplast genome should be helpful though........
Maybe there are more reasons
Dilantha
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