What are the best-integrated cropping and mixed system options (including fallow rotations and
other indigenous cropping systems for cereals, tubers and other staples, agroforestry, crop-livestock, and crop-aquaculture systems) for different agro-ecological and socioeconomic
situations, taking account of climate and market risk, farm household assets, and farmers’ circumstances?
The most effective of the mixed cropping system for livestock development is the combination of legumes with winter wheat, barley, oats and rye.
I do not believe fallow is a good option based on falllow studies
The cropping system should start with ley pasture or hay phase based on mixed herbs grasses and legumes giving the forage needed for animal production.
After 3 years the pasture or forage the equal time can be dedicated to animal crops with the use of off season cover crops.
Crop residues and animal manures are returned to land via compost applications.
Such systems when done well are regenerative to the soil more than sustainable.
Look at the Rodale Institute Farming System Trial for more explanation of the core concepts which have been demonstrated with over 40 years experience.
Mixed farming is a type of farming that involves both the growing of crops and the raising of livestock. ... The cultivation of crops alongside the rearing of animals for meat or milk defines mixed farming. For example, a mixed farm may grow cereal crops such as wheat or rye and also keep cattle, sheep, pigs, or poultry.
The most effective of the mixed cropping system for livestock development is the combination of legumes with winter wheat, barley, oats and rye.
From my side, I am much interested in the science and art of agroforestry.
Moreover, from different perspectives, agroforestry practice has a solution.....food, feed, fuelwood, climate change mitigation, and adaptation, soil and water conservation, aquaculture/aquaforestry, sericulture, etc. Just to mention a few of the various benefits of agroforestry. Best regards,
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