Finger millet cultivation can be challenging, particularly in regions where pests and diseases are prevalent. In addition, changing weather patterns and climate variability can pose a significant risk to crop yields and quality. To address these challenges, farmers and researchers are developing a range of strategies, including the use of disease-resistant crop varieties, integrated pest management techniques, and precision agriculture technologies. These strategies can help reduce crop losses and promote healthy crop growth, while also reducing the use of harmful chemicals and inputs.

The main constraints to finger millet production areas were drought stress, lack of improved varieties, lack of financial resources, small land holdings, limited access to seed, a shortage of fertilizers and poor soil fertility. Lack of industrial demand for value-added millet products discourages farmers from cultivating millets and low profitability and lack of access to quality seeds. Finger millet grows best in an environment with medium rainfall, an annual temperature range of 11 to 27°C and a soil pH of 5.0 to 8.2. Areas with low precipitation and low relative humidity during seed ripening and maturation are best for regeneration. Generally the Millets are grown in tropical as well as sub-tropical upto an altitude of 2,100m. It is a heat loving plant and for its germination the minimum temperature required is 8- 10°c. A mean temperature range of 26-29°c during the growth is best for proper development and good crop yield. Millets are dry crops and they can thrive even in areas with an average rainfall of 50 to 120 cm and a normal temperature ranges between 27°C to 32°C. Even inferior alluvial soils prove suitable for their production. Cultivation of millets is, therefore, more prevalent on the plateau region than on the northern plains. Plant height, length, biomass, weight, and grain number have all decreased as drought stress in finger millet. Water stress result a decrease in chlorophyll, photosynthesis, and RWC, as well as an increase in proline concentration, in both barnyard and finger millets.