How can we predict the photovoltaic panel output power?

- The geographical location;

- environmental temperature;

- PV-panel temperature;

- Layer thickness;

- Layer reflection (the amount of light which is reflected by the underlayer:

- Band gap voltage;

- Solar spectrum;

- shadow;

- solar inclination;

- wind (for cooling);

- location of the panels in relation to solar inclination;

- Layer thickness;

- Transparancy of the upper layer;

- by-pass diodes;

- dotation;

- intrinsity of the ingots;

- threshold voltage;

- irradiation Ipho;

- Irradiation Ir;

- Irradiation Iro;

- Thermal correction system;

- Thermal correction first diode current

- Thermal correction second diode current

- Thermal correction serial resistance;

- Thermal correction parallel resistance;

- Thermal voltage;

- Insulation.

- Solar activity.

And there are some more.

I hope that this will bring you onto the road. if you have any questions, pplease feel free and don't hesitate to ask me at any time.

Sincerely MScENG Leo de Vos PE

Dear Leo de Vos,

Thank you very much for sharing these parameters. DO you have mathematical relations of these parameters with the PV output.

Regards

Rajeev Chauhan

Dear Mr. Rajeev Chauhan,

yes I do have. I require that all PV's I use or planned to use, are provided with such information, so that I can make a mathematical model in MatLab, in order to predict the performance of such PV-panels. This is not only for R&D purposes, but also to avoid disappointments and desillusions.

if you have any questions, please feel free and don't hesitate to ask me at any time.

Sincerely MScENG Leo de Vos PE

Note also that different materials may also cover parts of the solar cell panels and thus reduce their electrical power output, e.g. snow, ice, sand and various other inorganic and organic dust particles, also including larger small objects like e.g. leaves from trees.