Typically its ultraviolet light. But that is usually accounted for during manufacturing. As furniture and cars get older the drying of the materials make them more susceptible to flaking. Like most things cleaning and care can prolong the life of the material.
Flaking can occur in new products if (1) the manufacturer is careless during to the preparation of the products (2) they use low quality materials (3) or the chemicals used to treat the products is of low quality.
Automotive leather typically uses water bourn finish systems due to VOC constraints. These systems have an increased risk of finish cracking through excessive flexing wear due to the use of crosslinker, Carbodiimide and isocyanate. The crosslinkers will increase rigidity and therefore increase flex failures.
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