I am studying the throttling effect of tunnel fires, i.e. pressure drop of a tunnel fire in longitudinal flow. There are a few models, e.g. by Fleming et al., Graz 2016, but I find quite different effects. Do you have data from simulations, measurements or other publications?
I suggest you consider paper involving modelling of fires in tunnels contracts and publications by Bernard Forestier, Eric Casalé, Gabriel Giovannelli, J. Ouazzani, ... for fires in externalmedia forests ... Dominique Morvan, Gilbert Accary, ... non exhaustive contributors !
Dear M. Bontoux, thank you for your sugggestion. Some of the authors I know, and from your suggestions I did find a couple of interesting papers on tunnel fires and water mist systems. I didn't strike gold with respect to the throttling effect, though. Still trying.
Thanks, Vitalii, very interesting publications. Still trying for more specific data, though.
Dear Ingo, we carried out a series of direct measurements on the Mount Blanc tunnel. I'm not sure they are relevant for you. Results are partially reported in the annex.
Dear Giovanni, the paper is not about the throttling effect, but interesting nonetheless. The findings about jet fan efficiency and wall friction are interesting with the friction rather high (when compared to f = 0.015 as some national design codes say) and the efficiency rather low (compared to the paper by Tarada&Brandt). Did you compare your data with the coefficients that were used in the design of the Mont Blanc tunnel ventialtion system?
Hi Ingo
Have a look at this paper:
Dutrieue, R. and Jacques, E. (2006) ‘Pressure loss caused by fire in a tunnel’, BHR Group, AVVT 12.
The pressure drop that the authors recommend is
dP (in Pascals) = 0.055 x Fire Heat Release Rate (in MW) x tunnel velocity (in m/s)
I will try to send you a copy of that paper privately, if I can find it.
Thank you, Fathi, I have that paper. But I am not quite convinced that this formula gives the final answer :-)
If you are concerned about geometry-related effects, such as the blockage ratio within the tunnel, your best bet would be to undertake 3D CFD simulations to estimate the overall (fire-, velocity- and geometry-related) pressure drop across the burning vehicle(s) for a range of tunnel air velocities. You should then be able to correlate the pressure drop as a function of tunnel air velocities, and that correlation could then be used in a 1D network simulation tool such as IDA Tunnel.
Hi Dr. Fathi and Dr. Ingo,
it will be great help for me if you are able to share this paper "Dutrieue, R. and Jacques, E. (2006) ‘Pressure loss caused by fire in a tunnel’, BHR Group, AVVT 12."
Thanks
Dear Dr. Fathi and Dr. Ingo,
I'm also studying this topic regarding the pressure loss along tunnel during fire emergency, and I have found a paper "THE TREATMENT OF THE THROTTLING EFFECT IN INCOMPRESSIBLE 1D FLOW SOLVERS" which mentions about throttling effect.
However, I would also like to have the following paper for cross-referencing and counter-checking:
"Dutrieue, R. and Jacques, E. (2006) ‘Pressure loss caused by fire in a tunnel’, BHR Group, AVVT 12. "
Would you mind if you are able to share this paper to me. Thanks.
James
Three years later, we are here:
Technical Report Strömungswiderstand von Bränden in Strassentunneln
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