This research question concerns the dynamic changes of oral microbes in oral implant patients and their relationship with implant success rate. The microbial community in the oral cavity is a complex ecosystem whose composition changes with time and environmental conditions. The introduction of implants may change the balance and diversity of oral microbes and affect the health of the peri-implant area.
Studies have shown that certain bacteria in the oral cavity may cause infection or inflammation around implants, thereby affecting the long-term stability and success rate of implants. Therefore, it is crucial to have a deep understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of the oral microbial community and the success rate of implants, which will help predict and manage the health status of implants.
By studying the dynamic changes of oral microbes in oral implant patients and their potential impact on implant health, it can provide a scientific basis for the development of more effective oral care and treatment strategies to improve the long-term success rate of implants and the oral health of patients.
Pathogenic oral biofilm, under specific conditions of diet and poor hygiene, follows a well-defined formation sequence. In the case of periodontal or peri-implant disease, colonization first occurs with commensal pathogens such as Streptococcus spp, Actinomyces spp, among others. The primary biofilm is composed of Veilonella parvula, Prevotella intermedia, Eubacterium spp., Treponema spp and has low complexity and pathogenicity. Next, the intermediate biofilm becomes more complex with interaction between microorganisms in the extracellular matrix, we have the presence of bacteria of the yellow complex type Fusobacter nuclaetum and finally we have the mature biofilm with bacteria forming a mycobiome complex formed by A.actinomycetemcomitans, Eubacterium spp Prevotella intermedia and Porphyomonas gingivalis with a high level of pathogenicity and tissue-destroying proteolytic action. At this stage, the biofilm provides protection to the bacteria inside. This type of biome is found in active periodontal disease. So hygiene is key to maintaining successful implants. However, the correct installation of the implant, the emergence profile of the prosthesis and the presence of at least 2 mm of keratinized gum facilitates their hygiene.
Proper hygiene and maintenance are crucial for successful implants. Pathogenic oral biofilm can lead to periodontal or peri-implant disease. The biofilm progresses from low to high complexity, with a mature biofilm being highly pathogenic. Key bacteria involved include Veilonella parvula, Prevotella intermedia, and Porphyomonas gingivalis. Hygiene, implant installation, prosthesis profile, and keratinized gum presence impact implant success.
Researching the dynamic changes of oral microbes in oral implant patients and their relationship with implant success rates is crucial for understanding how the oral microbial community affects implant health. By studying this relationship, we can develop more effective oral care and treatment strategies to improve long-term implant success rates and overall oral health.
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