As far as I know there are no insulting surnames in my nation. However, there are some people I know who have changed their surnames because they thought to be rediculous for example., "khoshgiafe" (=nice face), "dehati"(=peasant), "goorkan"(=burrier) and many others. They relate to faminine traits or indicating low class in our society. The reason they have changed is that they believe that those names are not their own names but their families'.
In Wikipedia states that “Many Azerbaijanis in Iran acquired family names from the cities in which they were living (Tehrani, Tabrizi, Isfahani, Shirazi, Meshadi). Some took on the names of their occupations (Kaffash-shoemaker, Ipakchi-silk trader, Faturachi-rope maker, Damirchi-blacksmith, Chorakchi-bread maker, Attar-spice seller). Others defined abstract terms (Omid-hope, Roshan-enlightenment, Azad-freedom, etc.).”
Are there Azerbaijanis surnames that came from nicknames or physical appearances, like English surnames:
There are lots of surnames in Azerbaijan-Iran that relates to the physichal appearance, mostly bearing positive connotation. About the meanings you have listed I will check them for you.
The words in the list above were in two forms. They were either the exact root of the surnames or the meanings which you had provided inside qoutations. The surnames I have provided in paranteses are the meanings' equivalents existing in my town. They are not mostly Azeri and they are not exhaustive, of course.
I've not given the meanings of every surname, any way, I hope they will be helpful for your research.
The tombstone carver Ali Rraci from Klina, a town in the Republic of Kosovo, is better known as Ali Vorri (‘vorri’ or ‘varri’ in Albanian means ‘the tomb’, ‘the grave’), and by this name he has also registered his individual business. (Source: Norë Shabani, "Emërtimet e çuditshme të bizneseve" ["Strange Names of businesses"], Koha Ditore, nr. 6214, p. 26-27, 12 October 2014)