Revered Professor Dr.Haris Maduku,

Thank you for having raised more pertinent Question on African countries.

It is really true that less than 50% of the Africans have access to electricity.

One thing, I want to inform you that most of the African countries are using natural organic renewable energy sources only. This is because of the unavailability of other alternative resources in general.

African countries are only yet remaining on this earth and all the resources have not been fully exploited.

As to my knowledge and experience that South Africa has World Dam Construction Organisation have to approve for any countries want to construct dam.

Most of the countries in the world have used this opportunity except all African countries because of the natural resources consumption are prevailing in Africa still now.

Very few African countries have constructed the dam and they are electricity by using hydel power from the dam.

Moreover, some African countries producing Gas. Regarding the energy utilization concept was not promoted in the African countries.

Actually, African countries have abundant of the natural resources than other countries in the world. That is why, the world countries attention are always in the African continent only.

African countries have to tap up the resources like water, gas, minerals, etc at maximum possible extent in the future.

African countries have great natural resources but it needs to be conducted the feasibility study to explore those resources technically.

African countries are no more poor and the symbol of the poverty will be vanished automatically.

There must be a Scientific Team has to Analyse how these resources have to be exploited on the side of the community betterment and welfare.

Most of countries are using electric power because they have power generation through dam's hydel power.

No more energy poverty in the future in African countries in the future if they do investment on the developmental projects like Dam construction, Gas production, oil and minerals exploration etc.

Regards

Senapathy

Ethiopia

Hello Harris, Thanks for this issue. There is great potential for Africa in the area of thermo-based, sunlight-based, wind-based and gas-based energy. development. However, there is need to carefully see how these can be developed in conjunction with hydro-based energy.

If Africa does not get onto the PATH of realistic industrial growth (read Manufacturing Sector) all this discussion comes to a dead end. There has to be derived demand for all this renewable energy that is driven by industrial expansion in the Manufacturing Sector in both micro, small, medium and large enterprises. This has implications for job creation, disposable income growth and tax revenue breadth expansion.

All these indirectly lead to sustained increased demand for renewable energy alternatives. Renewable energy alternatives have to be promoted by African countries in different SIZES and SHAPES. That is, African government must allow and promote micro, small, medium and large enterprises to engage in the production of renewable energy alternatives. African countries should start with those that are within their reach in terms of resources and technology.

(1) For example, in many African countries there are places where there are Geysers which can be used to generate Geothermal Energy (See KENYA) industrial and household consumption by larger companies due to the technology involved.

(2) In Africa, there are many areas where the geography of the place allows for sustainable long term windy conditions where Windmills can be used to generate electricity for Off-Grid enterprises, households, hospitals, schools, etc, in deep rural areas in conjunction with Solar Power (Solar-Windmill HYBRID Power). There are Appropriate technology Windmills that are produced very cheaply in Africa (See Tanzania).

(3) Hydro-power is already in existence in Africa

(4) Gas-based energy needs investment