Dear Eleanor,
in cases of Dementia Pugilistica (to give an example) the long term psychiatric outcome accompanies the severity of concussions, the location of the lesion and how often these are repeated.
The psychiatric picture relies on the lesion per se and how this condition is been perceived by the person itself.
A usual picture takes the form of ...-like conditions (e.g. schizophrenia-like), not very easily detected by the DSM mechanisms.
Thank you
Children between the ages of 5-18 exhibited an increase in psychiatric hospitalization, self-harm, and general mental health issues when compared to children of the same age who sustained a different orthopedic injury 1.
Adults who sustain a concussion exhibit an increase in depression and other behavioral health issues 2.
1. Ledoux AA, Webster RJ, Clarke AE, Fell DB, Knight BD, Gardner W, Cloutier P, Gray C, Tuna M, Zemek R. Risk of Mental Health Problems in Children and Youths Following Concussion. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Mar 1;5(3):e221235. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1235. PMID: 35254429; PMCID: PMC8902648
2. Izzy S, Tahir Z, Grashow R, Cote DJ, Jarrah AA, Dhand A, Taylor H, Whalen M, Nathan DM, Miller KK, Speizer F, Baggish A, Weisskopf MG, Zafonte R. Concussion and Risk of Chronic Medical and Behavioral Health Comorbidities. J Neurotrauma. 2021 Jun 1;38(13):1834-1841. doi: 10.1089/neu.2020.7484. Epub 2021 Apr 6. PMID: 33451255; PMCID: PMC8219193.
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This meta-analysis showed that athletes exposed to concussions are twice as likely to experience depression.- Badges
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