Some kind of regression analysis is suitable. However, what one depends on the distribution of the dependent variable. For example, if it is dichotomous (only has 2 values), then you would undertake logistic regression. Whichever type of regression you do, the usual null hypothesis is that the regression coefficient is zero.
La Trobe will have statistical consultants available. You could approach one of them, or alternatively, look up on Youtube on how to do regression analysis.
I wish to state that hypothesis test cannot determine causality between dependent and independent variables. Hypothesis test is based on probability..... Estimation of relationship or association between variables based on some degree of confidence or error.
The hypothesis test and associated analysis depends on the type of variable... Nominal, ordinal or numerical.
To make it simple there are two broad categories of tests. One is comparision. if u are comaring two variables you will use t/z test. if comparing more than two u will use ANOVA. Second category is effects. if you have one independent and one depend variable you will use simple regression. in case you have one depedent variable and more than one independent variables you will use multiple regression. ANCOVA and other related test i have not discussed to keep the answer simple.
depend on the type of independent and dependent variables(Measurable or categorical). If both are measurable then use simple linear regression. If dependent is categorical the use either binary logistic or multi nominal logistic regression
For 2 independent samples, we use T-test (SPSS) : Analyze > Compare means > Independent samples T-test.
But in your case, best method is
(Regression)
(SPSS) : Analyze > Regression > Linear... on the top menu. Then, Transfer the independent variable into the (Independent(s): ) box and the dependent variable into the (Dependent: ) box.