One of the most popular tools for cognitive testing that has been validated many times in athletes for post-TBI use is the ImPACT. It tests a few different aspects of cognitive function and I believe takes between 20 and 30 minutes to administer. I will say that I believe you must pay the proprietors for use.
Psychometric analysis is a very wide area that can address quite many different constructs. I think it would be nice to have a detailed description of what you really want to measure in athletes. Do you plan to measure their personality traits, their attitudes, their cognitive abilities etc...?