I believe you only have to look at your own resources states in Africa have at their disposal. It is the taxing of these, dependant on the environment impact they may cause , not only whilst mining and transportation , but all through their life time  in the production of consumer products and services.

This will focus everyone , on what is good for the planet as well as pointing out what is bad.

It is the refocusing of everyone in the chain of production that is key to innovation and methodology changes in our behaviour  and eventual well being.  

Hi Maruf, I am dealing with this issue in Brazil once I am working on the conception of sustainable industrial systems. Learning from Circular Economy, Cradle to Cradle and Integrated Metabolic Assessment, I can tell you that these drivers should encompass: (1) the demand for inclusive solutions (that also consider the social dimension); (2) the deleterious effects of conventional linear production and consumption patterns; (3) the idea of innovation as a mean to overcome crisis; (4) advances on resource efficient technologies; and (5) the popularization of product-service system (pss) business models.

However, besides thinking on the drivers, we should also reflect on the principles underlying the eco-innovation. To mention some, I could say: (a) diversity as a mean for resilience; (b) respect for the generations to come; (c) valorization of local potencial; and (d) avoidance of "one size fits all" solutions.

I consider it necessary, the application of environmental management tools such as life cycle assesment of a process or product. You should consider in Africa what the economic and social activities have greater environmental impact. Conducting such studies, identifying the environmental aspects of greatest relevance and establishing indicators from which you can identify causes, assess behaviors and provide solutions.

Indicators can be global, not always evaluating them, lets establish corrective actions with specific characteristics, should be treated compulsorily specific indicators for each activity and these are designed from diagnostics activities to be made

Natural resources management, social change ( for the better, for example education, job creation, security, basic human rights) protection of natural resources, reduced environmental and biodiversity impacts and accountability through regulation, enforcement and transparency