Simply including the name of the author is not enough. You have to properly cite the source. For the Sciences, the most common is Chicago. You may find this link helpful: http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/?option=com_content&view=article&id=130. In regards to paraphrasing, if it's someone else's original thought, you need the full proper citation for that, too. Paraphrasing can be misunderstood. It means to put something in your own words, not just taking someone else's thoughts and changing a few words.

Hi, dear Dr. Alok,

Perhaps the paper that I've attached be useful.

Good Luck

Preventative measures include student education about plagiarism & ethics, good time management for researchers given today's pressure to publish, and clear publication ethics guidelines (in a curriculum or on a website). Plagiarism detection software is a great option to check whether something is in question... or not. Turnitin.com is the largest software for academia and they have some excellent webcasts on their site. In regards to self-plagiarism, I can recommend the following: http://www.ithenticate.com/plagiarism-detection-blog/bid/65061/What-Is-Self-Plagiarism-and-How-to-Avoid-It

My question: suppose that I have copied a paragraph from an article or book and at the end I added the author's name ! Is this a plagiarism ? And what is the difference between this and paraphrasing the same paragraph and adding the author's name at the end ?

Simply including the name of the author is not enough. You have to properly cite the source. For the Sciences, the most common is Chicago. You may find this link helpful: http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/?option=com_content&view=article&id=130. In regards to paraphrasing, if it's someone else's original thought, you need the full proper citation for that, too. Paraphrasing can be misunderstood. It means to put something in your own words, not just taking someone else's thoughts and changing a few words.

@ Jessica Gopalakrishnan..........

Is this what is called as intellectual plagiarism?

Dear Friends,

In forming the text of any article the author need to support the results by quoting previous studies. During this process some times author may take the original words of the article or few changes in the paragraph (what Dr. Nahta called as intellectual Plagiarism / Paraphrasing). This can be avoided by:

1. Fully understanding the previous studies( which the author wants to quote)

2. Taking only key points of that study for the reference

3. Forming your own language/idea for explaining the points

4. Giving due regards to the author by quoting the name of the author at the end of your point

@ Alok Right, the type of plagiarism I refer to above is intellectual property theft.

Really plagiarism is a big problem for our society,it is a global problem indeed & a vast research work to prevent plagiarism, is yet to be done ,there are some softwere available in online as well as market to prevent plagiarism,but this is not enough ,to prevent plagiarism .

First of all consciousness is required,and proper investigation is another need.A global open access database of all the online and print formats is necessary,for that a vast movement and collaboration of all the nations and associates like united nations, unesco,who,world bank etc are necessary.

Hi guys,

Very good discussion, and something that we should discussing all the time.

What is plagiarism and what is not is also a good question to be "strickly" defined. And I very much thank to those putting explanations and comments on the subject. I also totally agree with the suggestions of Tamal.

If you look at the definitions of plagiarism, there are differences, making definitions difficult to grasp.

Unfortunately most (including ethical commitee of my university ) think that plagiarism is copy - paste stealing. All the other plagiarism types are OK.

Please see vandalization of my work at:

http://hamdiogut.blogspot.com/2012/12/plagiarism-victim.html

I think that an universal ethical commitee need to be formed and laws without borders need to be created urgently. We are living in the information age, but intellectual properties of these information is not recognised/protected

Otherwise things will be getting nastier.

I would like to ask a question regarding my problem. This in my opinion is a very situped question to be asked, but I need to ask since there are peaople from universities.

I worked parasites (PhD work), and described them (properly), and reported. The names of the parasites were even in the titles of the papers. But a paper coming out presented a checklist of parasites reported from the same region and included non of my earlier work. Moreover, they stated that, using the term, "the present study" they are first reporting these parasites.

Do you think that this is a plagiarism? or a citaiton preference (or not preference)?

.

It’s a very interesting discussion. I agree with all posters replies. There has been a time that I have used to do it. I have ignored about what plagiarism has meant and its consequences. Fortunately, Professor Emmanuel has helped me. To prevent it, I think you suppose to understand what plagiarism is and to know how to avoid doing it. Then as Tama said consciousness is required…

I am pleased to send you a link about Checking Originality and Preventing Plagiarism I wish that can be helpful.

http://citrenz.ac.nz/conferences/2003/papers/303.pdf

Please receive other information about your question.

http://academicintegrity.depaul.edu/Top10.pdf

Always use your own words. cite things that are exactly written by someone else with reference to title of article, authours, publication, voliume,issue, pages etc.. Try to paraphrase everything else.

Vancouver Referencing style ,Harvard referencing are the styles broadly we use in medical journals in India.

On the matter of checking for plagiarism. The most common method is to check for whole sentences, words that are too sophisticated or complex for the vocabulary of the writer and other information that might raise a red flag. What's usually done is doing a search for that sentence, phrase or word on a search engine. Apart from that I understand that there a software that help, but using search engines is the most common.

@Hamdi: It certainly sounds like a poor attribution issue. If your original research was not properly cited, then that is plagiarism. I would recommend getting in touch with the author, and even the journal or department where it has been submitted. Hopefully they have iThenticate so they can run the paper through and find the original sources of your research and determine what needs to be done. Better to catch it before it gets published. Best of luck.

Thanks Jessica I really pertiate,,

I contacted to the journal editor and he nicely said he is going to help. He also said that normally they capture such wrong doings (because both publicaitons were in the same journal), but authors intentially used awkard key words -not related to publication subject- not to be captured. It is interesting and of course draw me crazy. If a person does so elaborate wrong doings, how can you trust his identity elsewhere e.g. as a scientist? That is why I am intentionally using orchestration.

Second wrong doing is that their publication is a "check list", not checking all things. That is why it is serving as a cover for our earlier publicaitons. People seing this publications assuming that there is no earlier publication and citing them. This where real damage kicks in.

Ogut

Dear Alok Nahata,

I agree with all followers. You can maybe find more information here:

http://www.elsevier.com/editors/perk/plagiarism-detection

Regards

My bad experience with bavarian professors publishing even in Science is there is no fast way to successfully fight in any legal way against such criminals.

You are right Robert!, But I believe that increasing number of such crimes and strugles will lead to some sort of resolution some day. Social media lets our voice be more laud and spread worldwide.

Plagiarism is a big problem in today's world of science.

Scientists are using sentences written by the other authors.

Wrong citation of data which are taken in discussion part of scientific materials.

Use of own data and quotes repeatedly in other publications.

Use of graphs in publication without prior publications.

And many more things ........

All theses are parts of "Plagiarism".

There are different software and online sites are available to check the plagiarism. I will suggest plagiarism checker which I use.

I would most welcome plagiarism of my work as this would mean that my work has been acknowledged, appreciated, and even publicized. Ultimately I did write something I did believe in and I wanted as many people as I could know about it.

The problem is if other people do for a profit. If the personal profit is removed from the equation, there is no issue. I think more effort should be done to look in different ways to assess academic productivity.

Unfortunately, it may be usually very clear what a plagiarism is (and only the plagiarizing professors, PhD students and postdocs in biophysics may not see it, or may not be allowed to tell the truth), the legal things seem to be much more difficult. It may be close to a crime, in many ways similar to murder, but the plagiarists often seems to get away - legally. This might be the case, why plagiarism is so supported in Bavarian universities.

@Edoardo: Are you saying that if another person took your work--eg, a paper that took years to secure grant funding, research and write--put their name on it and published it, with no credit to you at all, you would be ok with that? Personal profit or personal gain?

I strongly recommend "Retraction Watch"

http://retractionwatch.wordpress.com/

It is a lot of amusement to see so many papers retracted due to different reasons, often the scientists just could not reproduce their own data, sometimes papers were duplicated and sometimes a lot of falsifying of the data occured...

I think one can ask Retraction Watch to look for one or the other paper and submit the questionnable and perhaps paraphrased sentences and missing citations; then, it is possible that Retraction Watch asks the authors, the editors to comment on the issues... these responses might be "published" on Retraction Watch.

We still relly on turnitin . No doubt it is a big challange world wide but I agree with the researchers that the ethics of research should not be ignored while acheiving personal gains.

Be innovative. Be original. Think outside the box. Be the first.