First of all farmers should refrain from the use of banned pesticides on their farms. These pesticides although effective are persistent in nature and not easily degradable.

..next, proper toxicological tests should be done to guide the use of commercially available pesticides in a particular country. The material handling and safety data sheet should contain information on risk populations and recommended quantities to be used over a particular land area.

Most often exceeding recommended quantities result in poisoning of grazing life stock.

Dr Appreciate your answer,but in the developing countries still indiscriminate use of pesticides still in practice,Is their any alternative for pest control method .

..unless strong regulatory measures are put in place via monitoring and enforcement to curtail the import and circulation of these persistent banned pesticides indiscriminate use cannot be greatly minimized.

----- Highly appreciable suggestion,impact of pesticide problems in some areas are genocidal and sufferings are challenge for civilized socity

Use of monitoring tools like Pheromones is one of the most common methods that alerts the infestation at early stage.

Secondly growing vegetables in controlled atmosphere like green houses, ensuring exclusion.

In case the early pest infestation is detected, selection of such bio-pesticide or pesticide of plant origin (Green pesticides) with hardly any persistence or residues.

Hi!

I'm trying to find an answer too. I agree with your comments about the special context in "developing countries", so i changed my point of view and i'm trying to find a way to reduce the impact. For example, is it common to apply a "triple washed" technique for the treatment of the packaging (after use) of glyphosate in my country. Although it is legal, i'm afraid it is even worst, so i'm suggesting to pelleting the packaging instead of washing them. The pellets could be used as raw material for another industries.

Dear All,

I am aware of the sense and the importance of this question mainly because it touches the paradigm of crop protection however general agriculture and the ocean of chemical and genetic pollutants overflows us.

Chemical pollution is an old history which continually frightens us. It has begun with DDT around 1945 worldwide. However, it has been banned but its residues can be found even in the milk of mothers and in the blood of every living being. People forgot it easily. Another risky pollution sources are PCBs and dioxins. These are also dangerous products and side-products of human heedlessness and greed. Who are interested in them can find here some excerpts:

http://www.ua-bw.de/uploaddoc/cvuafr/guar_gum_evaluation_230807.pdf

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-12133361

http://www.feednavigator.com/Regulation/Over-250-000-eggs-recalled-in-Germany-in-latest-dioxin-scare

http://www.feednavigator.com/Regulation/Belgium-Netherlands-meat-sectors-face-dioxin-crisis

Main sources of dioxins are pesticide (herbicide) residues, artificial fats produced as feed supplements and residues of thermal treated greases. And of course, the desire to get the cheapest products. These chemicals are extremely risky but in a world where more than 100000 chemicals are used in people’s everyday life, many have not even heard about them.

Transgenic crops are even more dangerous than hazardous chemicals because they can replicate themselves. Unfortunately, they cannot give a useful and safe answer to the troubles of agriculture. I note many troubles of agriculture like pests are produced by itself the agricultural production. The evolution of pests is a man initiated and triggered process. It seems to be a joke as humans try to solve this problem by pesticides and transgenic crops and make the situation more difficult.

The solution can be IPM and biological control but not the use of transgenic crops!

You can find on going discussions on this subject here:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_is_the_IPM_Integrated_Pest_Management_in_your_countries

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Are_you_aware_of_what_is_going_on_for_GMs_PCBs_and_dioxins_in_agriculture