Friedman (1977), Holland (1995), Devereux (1989), and Black (1987) put forward above mentioned hypotheses one, two, three, and four, respectively.
As far as the models are concerned, the GARCH-type models have been widely used to proxy uncertainty/volatility and to investigate the link between these two variables (see, for example, Grier et al., 2004; Narayan et al., 2009).
Nevertheless, to make the empirical approach more attractive, you may consider exploring the relationship between these variables within the stochastic volatility model framework. To the best of my knowledge, no study has investigated this topical issue by employing multivariate stochastic volatility models.
References
Black, F., 1987. Business cycles and equilibrium. New York: Basil Blackwell.
Devereux, M., 1989. A positive theory of inflation and inflation variance. Economic Inquiry, 27, 105-116.
Friedman, M., 1977. Nobel lecture: Inflation and unemployment. Journal of Political Economy, 85, 451-472.
Grier, K.B., Henry, Ó.T., Olekalns, N., Shields, K., 2004. The asymmetric effects of uncertainty on inflation and output growth. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 19, 551-565.
Holland, A.S., 1995. Inflation and Uncertainty: Test for Temporal Ordering. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 27, 827-837.
Narayan, P.K.; S. Narayan; and R. Smyth., 2009. Understanding the Inflation-Output Nexus for China. China Economic Review, 20, 82-90.