After formation of a thin film, should the urbach energy value be always less than that of bandgap energy?

if the values of urbach energies come greater than the values of bandgap energy, what does this bear significance?

01 February 2020 1,479 3 View

May I get a list of structural, optical, electrical etc. characterizations parameters of thin films?

It can be like grain size, dislocation density, absorbance, transmittance, absorption coefficient, bandgap and urbach energy measurement, hall effect, sheet resistance etc.

10 November 2019 9,163 2 View

Can the bandgap of Sn doped ZnO thin film be lower than lowest redshift using enhanced doping?

What is behind logic in the doping effect of Sn-doped ZnO thin film to work on red shift effect in its band gap? Can it be lower than 3.18 eV? what does it mean in the following...

03 April 2017 4,710 4 View

Why can't make aluminum nitride film successfully by use sputter?

We use reactive sputtering process to make aluminum nitride film, and want to make c-axis aluminum nitride film on a silicon substrate, but the crystal orientation cannot be seen with...

03 March 2021 7,975 3 View

Do we need to write protocol for a second study of a systematic review that has been registered and published?

I have conducted and published a systematic review and meta-analysis research with the topic related to public health and health pomotion (protocol was registed in PROSPERO). Now we want to...

03 March 2021 8,920 3 View

Ideas for Phd's Thesis on pricing (Marketing)?

Hi everyone, I'm studying Marketing and I would like to write my PhD thesis on the topic of pricing. Any specific ideas?

02 March 2021 9,706 5 View

12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel, etched for revealing retained austenite, any help for clarifying?

Hello everyone. Given microstructure image belongs to a 12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel (annealed and tempered). The sample was etched with picral (100 mL ethanol and 4 g picric acid). I...

02 March 2021 4,119 3 View

How to write a scientific report?

We are analysing scientific reports at University in great detail, so I wanted to find a scientific report about how to write a scientific report. Including detail such as what information to put...

02 March 2021 7,602 4 View

Could any one guide me, to write research proposal for grant? ?

We have one plant, the local people using this for controlling blood sugar, the toxicity and antidiabetic activity of the plant is not reported yet, please guide from whag should be the process ?...

02 March 2021 2,300 1 View

Energy minimization in LAMMPS using NVT ?

How do I do energy minimization in lammps with NVT ensemble ? I am using the following command and it does not seem to work. It stops at extremely high energy and gives me the error zero search...

01 March 2021 2,294 3 View

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01 March 2021 3,905 5 View

How to Balance Bench work with Reading and Writing?

I am a second-year grad student. I am finding it difficult finding time to read literature and write (things like qualifying exam, thesis, grants). I find myself so busy with bench work that I...

01 March 2021 3,325 4 View

How to simultaneously perform multiple biochemical assays?

I am a research scholar working on heavy metal stress on plants. I will be doing biochemical characterisation( protein, carbohydrate, proline, antioxidant enzymes and many more assays) at interval...

01 March 2021 6,999 3 View