Hi guys,
I am working on NFC antenna design with different conductive ink materials. Most of the papers that I have read were using graphene-based ink as a replacement for copper or silver. The conductivity for graphene is normally in the range of 10 to the power of 4 or 5. I am trying to use carbon-based conductive ink with a conductivity of approximately 10 to the power of 3. But the inductance value is very low and the antenna resistance is very high when I simulated the NFC antenna using that conductive ink. My question is that, is it possible or not to design NFC antenna (13.56 MHz ) with very low conductivity material?
I believe the conductivity you are giving is for a given structure (expressed in Siemens) and not for the material itself (expressed in Siemens per meter). Graphene inks are typically less conductive than Silver and Copper inks are often less conductive than Graphene. The critical issue is always the contact between adjacent particles: Silver and Copper both form an oxide layer, but silver oxide is a good electrical conductor whereas copper oxide isn't.
The conductivity of copper inks is generally high enough to make antennas but the structure certainly needs to be optimized for this material and the conductive tracks must be thick enough.
You can take a look here: https://www.multi3dllc.com/resources/ for various antenna structures made with a relatively high resistivity copper composite.
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