Logical Contradiction of Theorem 2 of Thermodynamics
Second Theorem of Thermodynamics: The natural process of isolated system always proceeds in the direction of increasing entropy, and the equilibrium state corresponds to the state of maximum entropy.
The second theorem of thermodynamics has a limitation on the object of study: isolated system. The following is an isolated system, but the second theorem of thermodynamics has some problems in its application: there are two cups of water A B on the table, there are a lot of charges suspended in the water, and the outside world treats them.
Without effect, they can be regarded as isolated systems as a whole. According to the second theorem of thermodynamics, the system should have a stable equilibrium state. We can see from part: For example, A, which is affected by B's electricity, can not be regarded as an isolated system, whether it has a stable state, it is very problematic. The same is true of B. Different research results may exist in the same research object, which can only explain the shortcomings of the theory for such research object.
Whether the system is stable or not depends on the physical equation and experimental determination. The physical equation should include heat and electricity.
1) Poisson equation
2) p=A*exp(-qu/kT)
Solving the equation is difficult, it is non-linear, intuitively speaking, the possibility of solution is small. This shows that the second theorem of thermodynamics can only be applied to systems without long-range interactions.
However, the interaction of gravity between celestial bodies cannot be ignored. It will also destroy the isolation of the system. Any galaxy is disturbed by other galaxies, and the second theorem of thermodynamics is not applicable. When the second law of thermodynamics was just established, people applied it to the universe and obtained the theory of cosmic thermal death. From the above discussion, the cosmic thermal death theory is meaningless, because the second law of thermodynamics is a finite law.
The second theorem of Thermodynamics is correct only in the place where no negative entropy collectors, i.e. the factor collecting entropy to become into energy or matter so that decrease the entropy. If while there are negative entropy collectors, then the theorem maybe reformed. As for in cosmic there exists a huge number of negative entropy collectors, hence the second theorem of Thermodynamics is not suitable obviously, unless redefined it again.
1， The second law of thermodynamics is incorrect. See figure below for details.
2，The system is isothermal and exchanges heat with a large heat source to keep the temperature constant. Only volume changes are discussed.
3，The problem here is that the actual system is balanced and the second law of thermodynamics judges it to be unbalanced.
Sory but your conclusion & demonstration are too hasty. the second principle is accepted and recognized by all physicists and engineers around the world
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