You need to be sure the re-hydration time is not less than 3 hours and the mixture has been well sonicated. Also, you can try extruding the sample if you have an extruder. It turns large multilamellar liposomes to small unilamellar liposomes. Also bear in mind that some lipids do not necessarily form liposomes but they do form micelles instead (that is if they dont have the ability to form bilayers). I am not sure if PCs form bilayers instantly to produce liposomes.

Thank you very much for your answe! Do you have recommendations on the sonication powder and time? I tried the (1) regular sonication in a soncate bath for 5 min and (2) sonication probe for 2 min at 45w, but they both precipitated...

Hi Nguyen. Thank you so much for your information! I now used 40 degrees for soybean PC and it works seems the lipid film was fully hydrated after 10-15 min. I did find initially for the first 2 min it is clear to semi transparent, and with blue light but after that it’s kind of become heterogenous and form white precipitation or suspen sometimes.Could I please get some advice?

Hi Nguyen.

Thank you so much for all the information! I’ll follow them and have a try.

Great thanks for your help and have a nice day,

Lisha

Also remember that the transition temperature Tc of the lipid should be lower than the temperature during the hydration and your 5 mins sonication may not be enough. I recommend 7-10 mins with a probe-type sonicator. The drug should be fine if you consider these. Thanks