It appears that both student readiness and motivation, as well as appropriate content and instructional design are important for the effectiveness of using mobile technologies to improve learning outcomes during the pandemic.

Students' perception and preference for online education in India found that recorded classes with quizzes at the end of each class improved the effectiveness of learning. This suggests that appropriate content and instructional design can have a positive impact on learning outcomes.

Meanwhile, The effects of gender, educational level, and personality on online discussion forum participation found that discussion forums could support students and improve learning by solving difficult problems. This suggests that student readiness and motivation can also have a positive impact on learning outcomes.

To optimize these factors and enhance the potential benefits of mobile learning for students, educational institutions could consider providing engaging and relevant content, as well as opportunities for students to interact and collaborate with their peers. Additionally, institutions could assess and address potential barriers to student motivation, such as technological issues or lack of support. By taking these steps, institutions can help ensure that mobile learning is an effective tool for improving learning outcomes during the pandemic.

Thank you and I appreciate your insightful analysis of the factors that are crucial for the effectiveness of mobile learning during the pandemic. I completely agree with your suggestions on how educational institutions can optimize these factors to enhance the potential benefits of mobile learning for students.

Based on my observations of a small sample size during a short period of pandemic-related disruptions, it is evident that effective instructional design is a critical factor in boosting student engagement and enhancing learning outcomes through mobile technologies in the context of Vietnam. Many students in my class may have initially experienced disruptions and challenges that affected their motivation and readiness to learn, such as difficulties in adjusting to online and mobile learning or personal challenges like stress and anxiety due to the pandemic. To address these challenges, I employed strategies such as interactive multimedia content, gamification, and personalized learning to create a more engaging and motivating learning environment for my students. As a result, I have observed that students who initially lacked motivation and readiness to learn have become more engaged and motivated to learn with effective instructional design, although it may have taken more time and effort.

students' motivation and readiness can be gained through effective and captivating designs and related content based on their needs and interests. so the latter is much more important and needs careful consideration by the instructors so that they can keep the students much more motivated.

I agree that instructors should consider students' needs and interests when designing course content. Each student is unique and may have different learning styles, so it's important for instructors to take the time to understand what motivates them. By doing so, instructors can create effective and engaging content that promotes student success.