It's not a survey/questionnaire, but you might consider administering a few reaction time based neuropsychological tests like Trails A and/or Stroop Word or Color. These are relatively simple, quick, and objective. As an added bonus, you could easily tack on Trails B and/or the Stroop Color/Word and get a useful index of executive functioning.
There is an extensive research body on attention in psychology and there are many different types of attention. You can read about them and choose the most suitable test depending on the types of attention you are investigating. There are selection attention, sustained attention, focused attention, divided attention, spatial attention etc. If you have access to psychological research database, you can easily find the most common and sensitive tests that researchers use to measure different types of attention. If you dont have access drop a reply and I can write a quick brief for you.