Dear Setareh Rahimi

following paper may help you

Article Abundances of chemical elements in the Earth’s crust

Dear Mrs. Rahimi,

your question and answers strongly depend on the aim of your study. Is it an enrichment process among the exogenous or endogenous ones? It makes little sense to use simple mean values of crustal lithologies. It is the physical-chemical environment that counts.

HGD

Harald G. Dill

Dear Professor G.Dill,

I profoundly appreciate your attention.

I have collected some rainwater samples. And need to apply marine and crustal enrichment factors (EFs) to identify and examine the sources and contributions of major ions ( Ca2+, NH4+, Mg2+, SO42-, NO3 -,...) in rainwater. I am using the below equations to do calculations:

EFseawater = [X/Na+ ]rainwater /[X/Na+ ]seawater

EFcrust = [X/Ca2+]rainwater /[X/Ca2+]crust

where X is the concentration of the element of interest. Na+ and Ca2+ are reference elements.

So, please advise me in this regard.

Thanks in advance,

Best regards,

This would be a good place to start:

Rudnick RL, Gao S (2014) Composition of the continental crust. In: Rudnick RL (ed) Treatise on Geochemistry (Second Edition), Volume 4: The Crust, vol. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 1–51 https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-095975-7.00301-6

Article Composition of the Continental Crust

Michael Anenburg

Dear Michael,

So many thanks for your advice. I had a quick read on the paper you suggested. It is interesting and seems to be a comprehensive study. However, I could not find any information regarding NO3- and SO42-. Do you have any suggestions for those two ions, please?

Best regards,

For nitrogen you can try the Elements issue on nitrogen. See issue 5, bottom left here:

http://elementsmagazine.org/past-issue-archive/2013-volume-9/