In geophysics, we use a digital instrument called Geophone. This instrument measures the speed of sound through materials (different types of soils, rocks, sediments and liquids. So, it is possible indirectly to predict the sound absorption rate. This instrument is available in the earth sciences center at An-Najah.
There is no commercial device that measures ultrasound attenuation in liquids. But this device is not hard to make. TomoWave Labs can make such a device for you.