If there were no economic activity, the poorest countries would hardly have pollution because there is no industrial activity with which to degrade the environment. In this sense, we must ask ourselves why it is in the least developed and poorest spaces where we see more environmental pollution. Are companies from rich countries who pollute the economically poorest countries due to offshoring and industrial outsourcing?
May not be a direct relationship between these two but it varies from space.
According to reliable sources, the transportation sector contributes more to environmental pollution than the industrial sector, on global scale. There are countries that are categorized as non-industrial (and relatively poor) but due to loans from banks, the citizens have an enormous number of vehicles. This is a prime cause of environmental degradation.
Add to that, there are companies in developed countries who moved some of their industrial plants to poor developing countries. By doing that, these companies increased their profits through employing "cheaper" manpower & through nearness to markets. These companies have become more relaxed upon avoiding the strict environmental regulations at home & they really exported "environmental danger" to poor countries.
There have been cases in which industrial wastes were buried underground in poor countries after bribing corrupt rulers.
In addition to what Nizar has added, poorer countries have less stricter standards, if any. This is due to political reasons of course. This makes it easy for anything that is not desirable in a developed country to be planted there.
The other factor is that once such event happens (e.g.; pollution facility) it is happening at a faster rate than what nature can cope with.
Please read "The great raid" by Angus Deaton, answer to your question -and more- are in there.
of course, poverty is originally from overuse? that involves degradation of the landscape
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