The sand flies breed outside only. External control is necessary. Try residual spray and find out on the vector density. However, one has to take into account of the environment pollution. lalitha kabilan

Before you spray any residual insecticide make sure that the phlebotomine sandfly specie (the vector of parasites in your area) is breeding and living in the area where you make the spraying. At least in South America, all the phlebotomine species in a leishmaniasis endemic area show different behaviour, even between two spatially related endemic areas. Phlebotomine can breed in extradomiciliar and peridomiciliar enviroments, in our region we study if one particular specie can breed in intradomiciliar/peridomiciliar environment. Which phlebotomine specie is the vector of parasites in your study area?

Best regards,

Luís.