Smart city evolves as a dominant market that attracts significant scientific and industrial attention, while almost all cities want or self-claim to be smart. Nevertheless, an increasing argument questions the smart city potential, claiming that it is mostly the outcome of big-vendors’ technological “push” and marketing efforts, which is the primary question that this book aims to answer.
I think you are right in pointing out the business interests behind the concept of smart city. However, a central issue behind the phenomenon is the degree of adoption of high-tech by a particular city. In other words, different cities may be moving toward smart city at different paces. Then it's interesting to study what factors cause their different degrees or paces. Is there anything that urban planning or public policy could do to accelarate the pace of a city towards a smart city?
The smart city concept seems fundamentally related to the increasing use of technological innovations. However, as far as the question is concerned, the concept should include long established world principles and hopes for cities around the world where every person could live under urban standards which enhance appropriate, equal and sustainable conditions for living, safety, transparency and genuine social cohesion. In every city, all efforts made to get "the kind of place we love to live" are to break any utopia concept, specially if this urban space is built by a sound participation and decision making process built by all citizens, actors and authorities involved.
La smart city doit être conçue pour répondre aux besoins de ces usagers, bien que ce concept est global, nous devons prendre chaque ville selon ses spécificités en matière de ces ressources, son identité culturelle, et surtout le niveau d'acceptabilité de ses habitants des tics, je crois que chaque ville peut devenir une smart city mais selon son contexte
With the advancement in technology, the definition of ‘smartness’ will keep on getting refined. In other words, what is ‘smart’ now, may be ‘un-smart’ five years from now. Also, the definition of a ‘smart city’ may vary in the context of a developed and a developing nation. Therefore, the concept of ‘smart city’ which is heavily focused on the application of technology to provide efficient solution to the urgent urban issues may need to be revisited. The proposed ‘smart cities’ should focus on formulating innovative ways to approach the critical urban issues which may or may not necessarily employ technology. The larger objective of developing a ‘smart city’ should focus on the issues of sustainability, affordability, and inclusiveness, in addition to the provision of basic services to the citizens. Lastly, for a 'smart city' to become a reality, city managers/municipalities need to understand and address the primary users of the urban services and their user pattern in devising smart projects.
It is becoming a real, in particular, when it relies or integrates with other systems, such as sustainability, economy, ecology, transportation, communication, and responsiveness. Here are some references that can answer or shed light on some areas that you are looking for.
- CROSSA, V., & MOORE, N. (2009). Innovating to Compete: Dublin as a Smart and Creative City. Building Material, (18), 84-88.
- Meadows, R. (2013). San Francisco and Paris get smart. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 11(4), 172-172.
- Batty, M., Manley, E., Milton, R., & Reades, J. (2013). Smart London. In Bell S. & Paskins J. (Eds.), Imagining the Future City: London 2062 (pp. 31-40). London: Ubiquity Press.
Smart cities are definitely becoming a reality. Government of India is under process of developing 100 smart cities all over the country. A smart city is a sustainable and livable city and many such cities are emerging these days. Therefore, its not an utopia. Different cities and countries, depending on the level of development, policies, and resources have different way of looking at the concepts of smart city.
- Les innovations « smart » sont encouragées et de nombreuses villes évoluent de façon « intelligente » : peut-on encore parler de projet futuriste ou utopique ? Quelles sont les caractéristiques des villes de demain ? Il y a t-il des failles dans ce concept ?
- Produire de la data « intelligente », de l’information, des citoyens et des organisations « intelligents ».
- –Redéfinir les relations entre gouvernement, secteur privé, associations, communautés et citoyens.
- -Assurer l’existence de synergies au sein et entre les villes (transports, éducation, santé, énergie…).
- -Stimuler l’innovation, par exemple par l’organisation de hackathons, la création d’un éco-système entrepreneurial
What problems of urban life "smartness' of a city can address? If information, communication and technological solutions are at the core of the smart city concept, then we seem to have set Utopian goal to be achieved through this novel and technologically deterministic concept. I am not sure as to how urban poor and marginalized going to be benefited from this initiative. is it inclusive or exclusive in nature?
The world was predominantly rural and cities were exceptions just two centuries back. With advent of technological innovations and political transformations economic growth took off. The ratio between rural and urban population got reversed. Villages in many countries were abandoned, and died. In a few countries such changes were forced on people by the rulers, leading to violent uprisings. In many, market forces alone enticed people to move to cities with the new opportunities that towns provided. In India, the population ratio between the rural and urban is changing fast. We are becoming a nation of ‘cities and towns’. Unemployment and even underemployment have become a worrisome phenomenon in Indian villages. They are migrating to cities in search of opportunities in education, earning and entertainment. The attraction of cities with its thousand lights has become irresistible. To meet this demand 100 cities were chosen to be made 'Smart' as per the guidelines and a generic framework.
As per Smart City Mission, the objective is to:
- Create an efficient urban management system
- Enhance the capacity of urban institutions
- Push a decentralisation agenda
- Reduce conflicts in the urban environment
- Create enabling conditions for inclusive and equitable urbanisation
The Smart City Reference Framework: a) Well-being b) Equity c) Efficiency d) Foresight
The ‘Mission Statement and Guidelines’ for the Smart Cities Mission released by the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) on June 25, 2015 attempt to provide clarity on some of the smart city related aspects and on the Mission itself.
Technology has the power to help people live in communities that are more responsive to their needs and that can actually improve their lives. Real-time response to changing weather, times of day and citizen needs like monitoring traffic to keep cars moving efficiently or measuring air quality to warn residents (or turn on massive air purifiers) when pollution levels climb.
'Smart cities' heading is nowadays used quite generously, so it can be used also to push some technological solutions not appropriate for particular city needs here and there... nevertheless, burning needs are clear, technological potential amazing and overall tendency is good. For me the question is rather 'how to manage this move in a way that citizens are co-creating actors of such smart solutions to benefit the most and to built/keep the trust in city administration'.
it became a reality since a years especially in china, korea and USA
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