Theologians in the Abrahamic religious traditions affirm that God is just. Some have construed this justice as retributive, while others have construed this justice as restorative. The issue seems pivotal to understandings of atonement and hell.
The description of Justice in the Abrahamic religious traditions served both purposes. For instance, God had to severely punish idolatrous nations and members of His own people (Israelites) who disgustingly engaged in sheer evil to innocent people, especially the promised lineage of Abraham, who were the Israelites. God's punishment to such nations and persons were retributive in nature.
On the other hand, God allowed the Israelites to be downtrodden by other nations for them to learn many lessons. These include amongst others, the need to live in consonance of the statutes and laws of their lawgiver, God. Cardinal amongst them was they worshipping only Him and no other gods. Thus, the justice of God was restorative. It was to serve as painful lessons to transform their course of life for the better and as such was restorative.
There were occasions when the justice from God was both retributive and restorative. When the Israelites turned to the worship of idols and engaged in marital affairs with foreign nations, He severely punished many of the Israelites who were culprits by instantly killing them (Retributive) to serve as warning examples for the remaining people and the unborn generation to come (Restorative). The same thing happened when a set of persons challenged His sovereignty as it happened in the case of Korah and his followers, God's retributive and restorative justice taught the Israelites the need to be obedient to God's authoritative representatives on earth-Moses and Aaron.
Many Christians believe that the atonement for Christians who sinned is to teach them powerful lessons on obedience to God and the avoidance of sin, to nurture suchlike ones to be renewed in spirit and obedience to their creator, making such justice restorative.
On the other hand, the hell judgment which is believed by many Christians as a severe eternal destruction of wilful sinners is retributive in nature because it is meant to perpetually make such gross, stone-hearted sinners feel pained forever.
Best regards
Dickson Adom
Divine justice is a reformed, educational and preventive justice, in order to show the creature the good path in life
And it is reformed because Is that the Creator is merciful and can not avenge the weak creature.
Hello MacGregor,
Under the legal perspectivization, there are two types of justice ; namely, restorative and retributive. Whereas the former focuses on specific needs related to both victims and offenders in order to give the parties involved in the criminal act an active role in taking responsibility for what they have done by trying to compensate for the harm they have inflicted, the latter tends to impose some kind of punishment which benefits the parties involved in the criminal act as well as the members of the community to which they belong. However, the divine justice is certainly unique in that it aims at punishing the wrong doer for the purpose of protecting the community and restoring the integrity of its members and their relationship with Himself. As such, for the restoration of law and order as well as peace to the targeted community, God satisfies His decreed justice not merely by resorting to retributive means (see Isaiah 32:16-18). On this basis, God’s restorative justice is meant to build a world where we can live peacefully and in right relations and with each other.
Best regards,
R. Biria
Honestly Prof , I do not believe that God can be either . It is our deeds that make either one of them .
According to the circumstances and context, they could be the two types of Justice, Retributive or Reparatory or Both.
Ideally if one subject kills another, both adults with responsibilities as heads of household and who have a job for family support; who takes the life of another, can not return his life, but according to the Law, will pay with jail, money and work; for the benefit of the family left in orphanhood and poverty.
Generally and according to the dictionaries of synonyms, both terms of use indistinctly to define to some of them
http://sinonimos.woxikon.mx/es/retribute
Jose Luis
De acuerdo a las circunstancias y contexto, pudieran ser los dos tipos de Justicia, Retributiva o Reparadora o Ambas.
Idealmente si un sujeto mata a otro, ambos adultos con responsabilidades como jefes de familia y que tienen un trabajo para el sustento familiar; quien quita la vida a otro, no le puede devolver la vida, pero de acuerdo a la Ley, pagará con cárcel, dinero y trabajo; en beneficio de la familia que quedó en la orfandad y pobreza.
Generalmente y de acuerdo a los diccionarios de sinónimos, ambos términos de utilizan en forma indistinta para definir a alguno de ellos
http://sinonimos.woxikon.mx/es/retribuir
José Luis
the justice should be primarily restorative, but sometimes retributive....some crimes are committed because of ignorance, poverty, hunger and famine, here the justice should be restorative....big crimes like murder, misappropriation of government money and power, and terrorism should be dealt with retributive justice....
-Selvam...
Dear Colleagues, Good Day,
"The three Rs: retributive justice, restorative justice, and reconciliation
Janine Natalya Clark
Abstract
This article explores the relationship between retributive justice, restorative justice, and reconciliation. Using the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) as case studies, it begins by examining whether international war crimes tribunals, as dispensers of retributive justice, can contribute to reconciliation in post‐conflict societies. According to their supporters, international war crimes criminals can foster reconciliation in three principal ways: by seeing that justice is done; by establishing the truth about crimes committed; and by individualizing guilt. It will be argued that each of these claims is flawed. War crimes tribunals are an important part of the peace‐building process in post‐conflict societies but it is argued that the retributive justice they deliver is not the most effective means to promote reconciliation. The article’s core premise is that restorative justice has the greatest potential to initiate and further reconciliation and should, therefore, complement the administration of retributive justice. To demonstrate the value of restorative justice in practice, it provides some examples of restorative processes in Rwanda and in the former Yugoslavia. ",...
Please, go to the website link below to see the article,...
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10282580802482603?src=recsys&journalCode=gcjr20
Well Mr Tahir , now I am pretty sure my confusion is universal :)
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