Hello Ali Yousefi
I didn’t well understand your question. Did you mean multinucleated giant cells? If yes, then you may go through the explanation provided below.
Multinucleated giant cells (MGC) are a common feature of granulomas that develop during various inflammatory reactions They are mostly formed as a result of exposure to persistent foreign microorganisms or materials.
MGC originate from fusion of monocytes or macrophages. It is possible to form MGC by fusion of monocyte/macrophage cells in vitro using primary cells and cell lines from a variety of tissue sources and species. MGC formation in vitro is greatly impacted by alterations in certain culture conditions such as cell stimulant timing, cell seeding density, colony stimulating factors, and culture vessel type.
MGC may be generated in vitro by stimulation of monocytes or macrophages with cytokine containing supernatants. You may make use of conditioned medium or several different cytokines, the addition of lectins alone or in combination with IFN-gamma, the addition of antibodies or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or a combination of both.
MGC formation is either linked to maturation or maturation is considered as a prerequisite for the generation of MGC. For instance, induction of MGC formation with PMA is only possible when macrophages have been cultured for 3 weeks before stimulation, and IL-3 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), in addition to their accelerating effect on maturation, enhance fusion induced by IL-4 and IFN-gamma.
J774 mouse macrophage clones selected for high expression of P2X7 (the P2X7 receptor is an ATP-gated ion channel belonging to the family of P2X purinergic receptors, and it has been implicated in the formation of MGC) spontaneously fuse to form multinucleated giant cells, whereas clones selected for low P2X7 expression do not.
You may want to refer to the following articles. They may be helpful.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Formation-of-multinucleated-giant-cells-in-vitro-is-M%C3%B6st-Sp%C3%B6tl/e843993b3d5d1472700a66b6fefcf08c4d5f5588
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0171298519302050
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https://journals.aai.org/jimmunol/article/177/10/7257/74665/Involvement-of-the-Purinergic-P2X7-Receptor-in-the
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