Colloidal particles interacting via purely repulsive interactions self-assemble in 2d hexagonal Superlattices composed of clusters such as dimers, trimers tetramers and more....what happens in 3d systems using the same long range potentials?
Gabriel Oscar Ibáñez-García
When nanoparticles interact, there are attractive forces. Otherwise there would be no interaction. In addition, there are repulsive forces. They compete. The change in the Gibbs energy of a dispersed system has 2 minima. The first is upon contact of 2 particles, and the second is upon separation by a layer of molecules or ions adsorbed on the surface. During aging, the dispersed system is separated into a layer of precipitated nanoparticles and a solvent. In the deposited layer, nanoparticles after a long period of time can grow together and organize different crystal lattices.
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