Here is a methodology for DNA extraction from urine samples described by Ghatak et al., 2013.
Frozen urine samples were thawed at room temperature and then placed immediately in ice before DNA isolation. The urine specimen was inverted or swirled in a specimen cup to create a homogenous suspension of cells. One milliliter of the specimen was transferred into an Eppendorf tube and centrifuged (Eppendorf 5415R) for 10 min at 10,000 g (4°C). The supernatant was removed, and a dry pellet containing cells was chilled at −20°C for 15 min. Lysis buffer (500 μl; 10 mM Tris, 1.2 mM EDTA, 10% SDS, pH 9.0) was added to the dry pellet, and the sample was vortexed to resuspend the pellet. Proteinase K (20 μl of 20 mg/ml; Himedia) was added, and the tube was incubated in a water bath (CW-30G; Jeio Tech, Seoul, Korea) at 56°C for 2 h. Sodium acetate (60 μl of 3 M) and 0.5 ml cold isopropanol were added, mixed, and chilled at −20°C for 1 h, followed by centrifugation at 10,000 g (at 4°C) for 20 min. The supernatant was discarded, 250 μl 70% ethanol was added, and the pellet was tapped gently, followed by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 min before the supernatant was discarded gently. The pellet was air-dried in a laminar air flow, and the dried pellet was resuspended in 50 μl nuclease-free water or 1× TE buffer and frozen at −20°C or −80°C for storage.
Yes, DNA can be extracted and purified from urine sample. As urine is considered as one of good sample for Mycobacterium DNA extraction and then for PCR amplification.
By both methods it can be extracted as by Phenol/chloroform and Ethanol precipitation.