Several techniques can be applied in Peer-to-Peer networks to handle the presence of malicious nodes (Reputation Systems, Accountability, Distributed Consensus, etc...).
Which one do you think has the best trade off between the capability to discriminate malicious nodes from honest ones, and the cost of the technique (in term of the number of messages for example). Obviously, knowing that none of the previous systems can fully decide (with a 100% accuracy) whether a node is malicious or not .
I suggest the following reading list
1. R. Gaeta, M. Grangetto, "Identification of Malicious Nodes in Peer-to-Peer Streaming: A Belief Propagation Technique", http://www.di.unito.it/~mgrange/papers/tpds2013.pdf.
2. Q. Wang, L. Wu, K. Nahrstedt, H. Khurana, "Identifying Malicious Nodes in Network Coding Based in Peer-to-Peer Streaming Networks", IEEE Infocom 2010.
I may suggest you a reputation system. Any "accountable" malicious behavior may be treatable using a reputation system.
You may also check:
SimplyRep: A Simple and Effective Reputation System to Fight Pollution in P2P Live Streaming. VIEIRA, Alex Borges ; BARRA, R. ; ALMEIDA, J. ; CAMPOS, S. V. A. .
Computer Networks, v. 57, Issue 4, p. 1019–1036, 2013.
Pollution and Whitewashing Attacks in a P2P Live Streaming System: Analysis and Counter-Attack. Rafael Barra de Almeida, José Augusto Miranda Nacif, Ana Paula Couto da Silva, Alex Borges Vieira. In: IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2013)
In these paper we focus on pollution, collusion and whitewashing.
Another reading - http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.190.9250&rep=rep1&type=pdf and http://disco.ethz.ch/theses/ss05/freenet.pdf
In summary: for very very large p2p systems (file-sharing), I would go with a reputation system / shared history; for small ones, I would go with accounting, bilateral interactions (private history).
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