Last Easter Monday, 9/4/2012, a live debate on the ABC's Q&A program,
God vs Science, provided a great showdown between the evolutionary
biologist, atheist Richard Dawkins and an Australian Cardinal of the Roman
Catholic Church, Archbishop of Sydney George Pell.
(website:Richard Dawkins vs GeorgePell on Q&A).
The debate enriched by the participation and questions from the audience,
#quanda/twitter and TV viewers, brought an edgy dynamic to the program,
kept (watching it) Australians on their toes and unlocked the old question:
Are the Modern Humans descended from Neanderthals?........
In addition:
1."Recent DNA evidence suggests that several haplotypes of Neanderthal origin
are present among all non-African populations, and Neanderthals and other
hominids, such as Denisova Hominin may have contributed up to 6% of their
genome to present-day Humans........."
Ref:
Reich D, Green RE, Kircher M, at al (December 2010), "Genetic history
of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia", and
Neonan JP (May 2010), "Neanderthal Genomics and the evolution of modern
humans",.........
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20439435..........
2." Our analysis of highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I,
vital immune system components subject to strong balancing selection,
shows how Modern Humans acquired the HLA-B*73 allele in west Asia through
admixture with archaic humans called Denisova Hominin, a likely sister group
to the Neanderthals.
Virtual genotyping of Denisova Hominin and Neanderthal genomes identified
archaic HLA haplotypes carrying functionally distinctive alleles that have
introgressed into modern Eurasian and Oceanian populations. These alleles,
of which several encode unique or strong ligands for natural killer cell receptors,
now represent more than half the HLA alleles of modern Eurasians........."
Ref:
Laurent Abi-Rached, at al (2011-08-25), "Shaping of Modern Human Immune
Systems by Multiregional Admixture with Archaic Humans"...........
(http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011Sci...334...89A).........
3."Nearly all modern non-African humans have 1-4% of their DNA derived
from Neanderthal DNA, and this finding is consistent with resent studies
indicating that the divergence of some human alleles dates to one Ma,
although the interpretation of these study has been questioned.
Competition from Homo sapiens probably contributed to Neanderderthal
extinction".........
Ref:
Viegas, Jennifer (0210-05-06), "Neanderthals, human interbred, DNA proves",......
(http://news.discovery.com/human/neanderthal-human-interbreed-dna.html)........
Gutierrez G, Sanchez D, Marin A (2002), "A reanalysisof the ancient
mitochondrial DNA sequences recovered from Neanderthal bones". Mol. Biol
Evol. 19 (8): 1359-66. PMID 12140248...........
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12140248.........
Banks W, Francesco d'Errico A, Townsend Peterson, Masa Kageyama, Adriana
Sima, Maria-Fernanda Sanchez-Goni (2008). " Neanderthal extinction by competitive
exclusion".........
(http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008PLoSO...3.3972B)..........
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