From Einstein's E= Mc^2, M = E/c^2 so when speed of light reaches infinity the mass of the photon reaches zero. But the speed of light in vaccume is not infinity then how can photons have mass zero?
This should be enough to answer your question:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4LXZsxcAbW4
The speed limit c for massless particles is a characteristic of space.
In accordance with Maxwell's equation, speed of light which is the speed of massless particles is reflecting the characteristics of vacuum
vacuum permittivity μ0 and
vacuum permeability ϵ0.
c=1√(μ0ϵ0)
Such a speed limit of Maxwell's equations is incompatible with Galileis relativity and led 1905 to Einstein's special relativity.
photons are electromagnetic in origin and they travel at a speed that was measured and found to be constant. ( see Michelson Morley exp)
“…If the mass of photons are zero then why the speed of light is not infinite? … The speed limit c for massless particles is a characteristic of space….”
- really Matter’s spacetime is the fundamentally absolute, fundamentally flat, and fundamentally “Cartesian”, [5]4D spacetime with metrics (cτ,X,Y,Z,ct), which is really only some “empty container”, where Matter exists, and everything in Matter constantly moves, interacts, etc. Emptiness has only one characteristic – the ability to place something inside.
“….In accordance with Maxwell's equation, speed of light which is the speed of massless particles is reflecting the characteristics of vacuum vacuum permittivity μ0 and vacuum permeability ϵ0.c=1√(μ0ϵ0)…”
Correspondingly the space is “vacuum”, i.e. emptiness, and has no “permittivity” and “permeability”. However yeah, Maxwell equations can exist only if these parameters are defined, so something is placed in the at least 3D space, and in this case that are parameters of Matter’s “ether”, i.e. of the ultimate Matter’s base – the [5]4D dense lattice of [5]4D fundamental logical elements [FLE], which is placed in the Matter’s spacetime above. Everything in Matter is/are some disturbances in the lattice, including EM waves, which are really coherent flows of particles “photons”; and the EM propagation speed is determined by the FLE parameters – FLE “size” and FLE “flip time”, which are Planck length and Planck time; what in the classical electrodynamics is introduced as the “vacuum permittivity μ0 and vacuum permeability ϵ0”
“…..Such a speed limit of Maxwell's equations is incompatible with Galileis relativity and led 1905 to Einstein's special relativity..”
- that Maxwell's equations are incompatible with Galileo transformations is correct, and so in 1887 Voigt obtained his transforms, Maxwell's equations are compatible with which, further more correct, i.e. which are applied not only to EM objects/events/processes, in 1904 the Lorentz transformations were obtained; in 1905 the Lorentz transformations were obtained as well, however, in this case to obtain the transformations it was necessary to postulate that there is no some ether, and so there is no some absolute Matter’s spacetime; what was/is fundamentally wrong.
What are the Lorentz transformations - see the Shevchenko-Tokarevsky’s informational physical model, first sections in
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354418793_The_Informational_Conception_and_the_Base_of_Physics, what is the fundamental Nature Electric force, including EM waves, see the section 2.9 “Mediation of the forces in complex systems” in this paper. It is useful also to read SS posts in https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_significance_of_the_Poynting_vector_in_a_static_electromagnetic_field.
Cheers
Sudipto Datta ,"From Einstein's E= Mc^2, M = E/c^2 so when speed of light reaches infinity the mass of the photon reaches zero. But the speed of light in vaccume is not infinity then how can photons have mass zero?"
A photon must be viewed as an object consisting of two objects, of an electron with charge qe (e-) and a negative mass me; and of a positron with charge qp (e+) and positive mass mp; With a simple sum of charges and masses, the photon is chargeless and massless. But in quantum mechanics, the Pauli exclusion principle [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauli_exclusion_principle] states that two or more identical particles with half-integer spins (ie fermions) cannot occupy the same quantum state within a quantum system simultaneously.
This means that the electron and positron must be far apart even after annihilation. As a charged object, the photon, when moving through space, forms a symmetrically electromagnetic (EM) dipole, transmitting EM energy E = h*f = M*c^2; (where h is Plank's constant and f is the wave frequency). It follows that the rest mass M = (h*f)/c^2; cannot be zero.
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