For extra terrestrial systems, there are proper directional tracking systems with a definite purpose. The solar panels are to be eventually directed to receive the solar beam.
I think that it can be done. you monitor the voltage and current for each PV array/string. The one with the highest output is the one facing the sun.Also, if I am not mistaken there are test cells available for such cases. Instead of monitoring the entire array, you just monitor the test cell.