Yes it is possible, and it has been done for a hundred years. Heaviside's periodically loaded transmission lines were metamaterials, and VHF or UHF lenses were made with a volume array of metal spheres around the time of the second world war. At lower frequencies it is easy to make the elements using lumped inductors and capacitors. Mostly it has been in transmission lines and filters, but 2 or 3D materials should be possible too.

It is difficult to get interaction between metamaterials and free space at kHz because the wavelength in free space is so large, even if you can make the wavelength small in a metamaterial (or infinite). Use of metamaterials in antennas that are small compared to a wavelength will be governed by the fundamental limitations of electrically small antennas, roughly that the maximum obtainable value of 1/Q is proportional to the volume of the sphere the antenna, and its image in any ground, will fit in, for the same efficiency. Read Wheeler, and Chu.

I guess one may classify tape wound permalloys, ferrites and other powder based magnetics as low freq metamaterials. Carbon microphone is likely another example.

Thank you for your answers.

Malcolm White I generally urge some caution on defining many of your listed products as metamaterials; strictly speaking, these devices must possess behaviors or abilities beyond those found in natural materials in order to qualify.

Simply being periodic strictly isn't sufficient, although that's what the term has degenerated into in the current literature, I suppose.

I have worked on some lower-frequency "metamaterial" applications (I would prefer to categorize them as artificial transmission lines) in the ~100 MHz range. Based on these, I think it shouldn't be too much effort to get this down to the ~1 MHz rage, but you would be working with fairly large components at this point.