I have a question regarding the human immune response against alpha-Gal epitopes and Neu5Gc expressed on xenografts.

According to several studies, alpha-Gal on the xenograft activates the production of Anti-alpha-Gal antibodies, activates the complement-dependent cytolysis (CDS) of the xenograft. Additionally, it enhances the binding of cytolytic effector cells (Natural killer cells, macrophages, and granulocytes) via antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).

Is the immune response against Neu5Gc the same? Do the same cells (T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and granulocytes) bind to Neu5Gc on xenograft? May other cells be involved in the immune response against Neu5Gc?

Thank you.

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