whistle sound analysis so as to generate letters, for example A, B, C (alphabet), how to get it?

Thank You Very Much

Regards

Lubis

these pictures are spectrograms, the X-axe is the time, the Y-axe the frequency, the color are for the power, blue for weak "signal" and go to red with the power.

By visualizing your signal like this, you can localize power in time and frequency. I guess the letters you want to generate is just another label for the frequency, the tone (tune ?), where A = 440Hz and so on... so the letters are just another way to label your Y-axe

Dear Mr. Jf Argentino A = 440 Hz what's the meaning ?

if this has anything to do with the high and low tone of voice in the song?

I need your suggestion 

Regards

Lubis

I recommend you to read a brief introduction to sound analysis, for example:

https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seewave/vignettes/seewave_analysis.pdf

A good reference book also can be

Au, W. W., & Hastings, M. C. (2008). Principles of marine bioacoustics (pp. 121-174). New York: Springer.

ISO 690

I guess you are trying to analyze your dolphin whistles using contour analysis, there are many publications on this technique, you can check this recent ones and track back to the older ones:

Gannier, A., Fuchs, S., Quèbre, P., & Oswald, J. N. (2010). Performance of a contour-based classification method for whistles of Mediterranean delphinids. Applied Acoustics, 71(11), 1063-1069.

Ferrer-i-Cancho, R., & McCowan, B. (2009). A law of word meaning in dolphin whistle types. Entropy, 11(4), 688-701.

Thank you Very Much For your Information Mr Javier 

Regards

Muhammad

Dear Lubis, I saw your spectrogram and indeed it can be that but is impossible to be certain just by that image. The range of the signal of interest is indeed withing a vocalization, but just as many other possible sources of underwater sound. To be more sure it is a dolphin made signal, you have to see this spectrogram in a larger scale to look for patterns, areas without signals etc. You received great recommendations already on how to advance on the learning process in this discipline. On how to interpret spectrograms. However is practice that will help you to recognize distinctive clues on these signals. I would recommend always to look first for more "empty" areas of your file, to recognize the basal or background noise, the signals of the waves, shrimps, noises from the boat, and thus to look later for additional signals that could be in fact of interest due to their contour, patterns, harmonics, etc.

In your spectrogram it is too difficult because you have inverted the scales. The left or vertical is about the tone or frequency of the signals. You have a huge range compressed in few centimeters. That does not allow to look for the distinct shapes of dolphin vocalizations. You should adjust the spectrogram in order show the same 10kHz of range but for the entire screen height.  Same for the horizontal axle (time) it is way to short. You have all the chart compressed into 1.5 seconds of duration. This is useful for specific signals as clics from sperm whales, but not for vocalizations that tend to be longer than this and their patterns will never show up at such a short duration of time. In general is better to see the spectrogram in a more wider scale (zoom out), find the signal of interest and from there to approach in a finer scale (zoom in). Same goes for the "window", starting with small sizes (about 500) and then increase to 2000, 5000, and check details sometimes at even 16000. To be able to "move" within the spectrogram horizontally (time), vertically (frequency range), zoom in and out (window size) is needed. Details are going to be more clear for you as you see them at different "zooms and times". This is not as simple as to get a chart at a fixed set of settings. Some signals are more visible at some scales and other in other scales. Background noise can play tricks as well needing to check at different scales the spectrogram. These changes are in some applications a pain (being too hard or slow for the application to redraw the spectrogram with the new adjustments). This is key to be able to check quickly large amounts of data (long duration wav files).

As I shared with you before, this is where I have seen no comparison with Baudline, an application where to move within the spectrogram is instantaneous allowing to analyze signals with high accuracy and speed.

kind regards

gps

Thank you very much Mr Gian Paolo for your suggestion, defeniton , interpretation, and your coment 

regards

Muhammad

Hello Muhammad,

If you are new to using spectrograms as a tool for visualizing and measuring animal sounds, you find Appendix B of the Raven Pro User's Manual useful. The appendix is an introduction to the concepts of spectral analysis and spectrograms intended specifically for biologists interested in animal sounds. You can find the entire manual in PDF form here:

http://www.birds.cornell.edu/brp/Raven/Raven14UsersManual.pdf

Although the appendix does refer specifically to Raven Pro software, the basic principles  it explains are relevant to any spectrograms, irrespective of the particular software being used.

Hi Russ Chariff

Ok Thanks very Much Mr Russ 

Regards

Muhammad