Actually this is not easily to happened specially when it take oral.you know the steps which happened to reach the drug to tissue or organism. Actually it's good question and i'll try to ask my colleagues about this matter .

Dear Rajesh,

There is a huge research going in this field. It is called as targeted drug delivery. You can refer to wiki link.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targeted_drug_delivery

There are different way through which people are trying to address the problems as already suggested in the wiki link. If you want to innovate a new system then I will suggest you to do a proper literature search for the same.

Cheers!!

Dear Rajesh Tiwari sir,

There is a tremendous amount of research that is going on targeting the specific area for the drug to act. Literature on various technologies such as transdermal, buccal, mucosal, gastric, colonic, and to certain very sophisticated system such as brain, liver and so on. You can get the vast knowledge form the literature addressed on this regards.

For further reading You can refer to book "Drug Targeting Organ-Specific Strategies"

Edited by Grietje Molema and Dirk K. F. Meijer. And also "Drug Targeting Strategies, Principles, and Applications" by Edited by G. E. Francis Cristina Delgado

Furthermore, a large number of new molecules are being developed that shows good therapeutic activity but the problem is they are highly lipophilic which means they are not having the solubility in physiological buffer systems up to the mark. Thus their dose/the frequency of dosing increases to meet the requirement of therapeutic level in the body. Increasing their solubility will increase their bioavailability and hence can reduce the dose of the drug. You can find literature on this as well.

For further readings: Yohei Kawabata et. al. Formulation design for poorly water-soluble drugs based on biopharmaceutics classification system: Basic approaches and practical applications, Int J Pharm. 420 (2011) 1– 10. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.08.032

Dear Rajesh,

There are many, many things to consider when it comes to oral administration of drugs. The big four are Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME). What you will quickly find out is that (currently) there is no simple method for reducing the drug dose while maintaining drug efficacy. This is not a simple yes/no, black/white, problem, it is very, very complex. Drug targeting has always been a research goal since the inception of medicine, but drugs ARE NOT magic bullets. We have gotten better at targeting and controlled release, but you cannot fight physics. The body has concentration gradients, pH, metabolism, transporters, immunogenicity, etc, ..... and so much more that has to be considered when making and administering drugs. I my self have made compounds that display biologically active in vitro at nanomolar and picomolar concentrations, BUT, in vitro does not always translate to in vivo. And when in vivo data does look good, it is usually done in mice and rats, which are very different from humans.

What I'm saying is that it is noble to try for the lowest dose possible, however, it may not be feasible. Food for thought, if you take a 500 mg medication orally, your body will not absorb all 500 mg of drug, and of the drug that is absorbed, not all of it will reach the site of action. So what happens to the excess drug? It gets excreted. If it did not, then the drug has the potential to build up in your system and become toxic. This is very bad and drug regulators (FDA in the United States) would remove the drug from circulation. Compounds that are not easily removed from the body make poor drugs and are often not used and drug-leads.

Sir as i think that coated magnetic nanoparticles can be used as oral intake pills. this coated pills can decrease the amount of oral intake of medicine

Currently, there are 2 magnetic nanoparticle systems that are FDA approved, Magnevist and Feridex, both are injected, not orally administered. The magnetism does not enhance oral absorption as common magnets barely penetrate the through human tissues. These compounds are used as MRI contrast agents and require a superconducting magnet. Also, these compounds are flushed from the system quickly and the metals are known to be systemically toxic.

This can be achieved by different technologies like nanotechnology and drug targeting. The idea of drug targeting suggested by Dr. Paul. His idea based on the selective staining of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Also, zydis technology or orally lyophilized tablets can lead to decrease the orally administered dose if only the drug has pregastric absorption. Zyprexa 10 mg traditional tablets gives more side effects than zyprexa in the zydis technology. The AUC of olanzepine of zydis technology is eight times higher than the AUC of olanzepine of traditional tablets. This is rationalized by rapid disintegration of tablets within few seconds in the oral cavity followed by pregastric absorption in the oesphagous part. This can eliminate the first pass effect of drug causing decreasing in the metabolites formed and the effective dose. So, the dose can be only 1.25 mg instead of 10 mg. This is the same for nimesulide where nimesulide has known free radical hepatic metabloites. Formulation of nimesulide in zydis technology leads to reduction of the administered dose and hepatic metabolites. Also, nimesulide has pregastic absorption.

Thanks Robertson sir,

You gave me Excellent answer .