how to take sample from unknown population? which research design and sampling method is recommended?
Dear Jewar Mohammed Abdulkadir
Thank you for shedding light on this critical and very common point
facing researchers
We have encountered this problem several times, and by searching and referring to statistical references, we found it
There are several functions to calculate sample size, the most important of which is Cochrane, in the case of unknown population size
You can see the method we followed in our research, and I hope it will be useful to you.
Data Sample size and how to calculate it using the Cochrane function.
Article Cleft lip and palate risk factors among otorhinolaryngology ...
If you are asking about determining sample size, you'll need to know your study design first, as that factors into determining your sample size. Most sample size formulas need to know the population size or population data. There are definitely some alternatives in making this determination. The following article might also help shed some light on this situation:
https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/548082/sample-size-determination-when-population-is-unknown
Going back to the question on study design, you would need to rely on a nonparametric test (tests that do not rely on parametric/statistical assumptions), as you would not have the population data to confirm the assumptions. Your research question would determine the specific design, though.
When sampling from an unknown population, employ probability sampling methods for greater generalizability. If a sampling frame is unavailable, consider exploratory approaches. Common probability methods include simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and systematic sampling. Determine an appropriate sample size based on precision and confidence requirements. Non-probability methods like convenience or snowball sampling may be used when probability sampling is challenging. Choose a research design aligned with your objectives, and ensure ethical considerations in data collection. The approach depends on your research question, available resources, and the characteristics of the unknown population.
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